Learning Objectives:

• Distinguish vertical gene transfer from horizontal gene transfer.
• Understand the concept of genetic variability and survivability in bacteria.
• Describe the concept of horizontal gene transfer.
• Identify genetic elements and cell machinery required for DNA transfer.
• Outline the main events that occur during conjugation, transformation, and transduction.
• Discuss the outcome and barrier of genetic transfer in bacteria.

SOLUTION

Diseases can be described by their patterns of incidence. These terms help to convey the severity of the risk of spread of the disease. For example, sporadic diseases occur occasionally, usually without any particular geographic concentration. In contrast, endemic diseases are constantly present (often at a low level) in a population for a particular geographic region. When the number of cases of diseases increases more than expected within a short time within a particular geographic region, the disease is described as an epidemic.….Please click the icon below to access entire solution at $10